In some cases, concerns arise immediately following delivery. Signs of brain injury may include:
- Low Apgar scores
- Abnormal muscle tone
- Need for resuscitation
- Seizures
- Feeding difficulties
- Admission to the neonatal intensive care unit (NICU)
Other effects are not always obvious in the first hours or days of life. As a child develops, missed milestones may become the first indication that something is wrong. Parents may notice delays in sitting, crawling or walking.
A child with brain injury at birth may also face difficulty with coordination, speech delays or learning challenges. Certain impairments may not fully manifest until later stages, so continued medical observation and developmental screening are important. Early identification can affect treatment planning and long-term outcomes.






